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United States Patent O 3,118,360 CAMERA ASSEMBLY y Ernest Br Marjoram, West Covina, and Arthur M. Hedglin, Fullerton; Calif.; assignors to Beattie-Coleman, Inc., Anaheim; Calif., a corporation of California Y yFiled Nov.. 7, i961, SehNo. 150,696

. 9 Claims. (Cl. 95-45)' This invention relates to photographic recording of cathode-ray tube (CRT) traces and, more particularly,

pertains to improvements in a camera assembly for use with a cathotie-ray tube. Typically such an assembly comprises a camera with a removable film adapter and a housing or dark box which encloses the space between the camera and the CRT screen. Since the housing is clamped to the CRT to support the camera, it is commonly termed a clamp housing.

One of the problems to which the invention is directed arises from the necessity of providing a viewing port in the clamp housing for the purpose of observing phe.

`the CRT screen and have also been placed across the viewing port. Such an arrangement is of only limited utility, however, and permits the viewing port to be open only for brief periods without seriously affecting the quality oi' the photographs.

The present invention solves this problem by using two polarizing filters that polarize light in opposite or canceling respects. (lne polarizing iilter is placed across the vviewing port andthe other is placed at the camera lens.

lt has been found by tests that a safe ratio between the illumination of the CRT screen and tht environmental or ambient light for exposures up to tive seconds is 1000 to l. At this ratio the lilm produces a satisfactory image of the CRT screen without the ambient light reaching the threshold of response of the lm. Using a pair of 32% transmission linear polarizing filters with their polarizing axes at right angles for maximum extinction produces a A pair of 22% transmission lters results in 0.0005% extinction and produces a ratio of 44,000 to l. The two polarizing iilters not only permit the viewing port to be open `for long periods of time but a-lso malte it possible to eliminate the usual periscope. The viewing port may be large enough for observing the whole area of the CRT screen and more than one person can view the CRT phenomena simultaneously.

A second problem to which the invention is directed is to printen the margin ofthe iilm in the camera data that is'pertinent to the photographed CRT phenomena.

In one prior art arrangement, the image of an illuminated data card `isprojected by an optical system onto a blanlcprojection card that is adjacent the CRT screen and the projection card and the CRT screen are photorice the camera. Withthe mirror in position one exposureis made of the data card and with the mirror swung outV of the way' a separate exposure is made of the CRT screen.

Here again, even thouglrthe data card and vthe CRT `v screen are photographed by separate exposures, there is the problem of balancing the intensity of the data card image and the intensity of the CRT screen image. An-

other disadvantage is that the optical system between the data card and the mirror must be rcfooused each timel the camera is reocused and there is always the possibility v that the data optical system will be inadvertently out of focus. A lfurther disadvantage is the problem of parallax9 the location of the data image on the film shifting with changes in 'focus of the camera. Added to these disadvantages is the necessity of repeatedly manipulating the mirror and the possibility of neglecting to swing the mirror out of the way when the CRT screen is to be photographed.

The present invention eliminates these diiiiculties by providing a small data recording chamber that is slotted to receive data cards and is positioned adjacent the lm in fixed relation to the film. The data chamber eneloses lamp means 'under control of a switch to illuminate the inserted data card and also encloses au optical system to project the data image onto the margin of the illm.v

The optical system includes two mirrors and thereby avoids the inversion of the data image that is unavoidable in the two prior art arrangements.

'There is no exposure problem since closing the switch for the correct period of time always produces a data image of the desired intensity. Since the data is not photographed through the lens of the camera and the optical distance between the data card and film is constant,

there is no parallax problem and no focusing problem, it

being impossible to get the data image out of focus by inadvertence.

In the preferred practice of the invention the usual i dark slide of the film adapter is positioned far enough forward for all of the data printing optical system to lie behind the dark slide. This arrangement makes it possible to incorporate the data recording chamber into the construction of a film adapter. Any necessity for excessive spacing of the dark slide yfrom the iilm is avoided by placing the data chamber completely outside the film adapter with only a relatively narrow periscope extend-- ing from the data chamber into the film adapter.

A third problem to which the invention is directed is provision for camera adjustment to get iilm images of dif' ferent sizes relative to the CRT screen image. A ratio of 1.0 between the film image and the CRT graticule may be desired for a full size image on a 4" by 5" hlm or a ratio. of 0.9 for an image of maximum size on a 72 mm. by 96 mm. tilrn. v In other instances ratios of 0.7 and 0.5 are desired to obtain multiple images on a single film frame.

Since the relative size of the film image is varied by varying the distance of the lens from the iilm, it would seem that the required range of adjustment from '1.0 to

0.5'couid be obtained simply by using a bellows type camera that can be freely extended and contracted be. tween wide extremes. 'lt has not been feasible to use ne solution heretofore suggested is the provision of interchangeable lenses of different focal lengths. For example a 75 mm. lens may be used for a 1.0 ratio, a 73 mm. lens for an 0.9 ratio, a 72 mm. lens lfor an 0.7 ratio, and a 67 mm. lens for an 0.5 ratio. The most prevalent prior art solution is to provide so-called spacers or separate body sections for insertion to increase the distance between the camera lens and the ilm, there :being a set. of such spacers of different dimensions to be inserted selectively forproducing selected image ratios. Neither of these prior solutions is fully satisfactory because of the necessity of keeping7 a set of accessories available and because of the possibility of damaging, mislaying or losing one of the accessories. Another disadvantage is that no intermediate image ratios are possible.

lt is fundamental that the telescoping parts of the camera body structure must have sufcient overlap. for the required rigidity when the camera is fully extended. The dimension available forthis overlap is found by subtracting a number of dimension increments from the iilm-todens distance required fora 1.0 image ratio. It is because the residual dimension available for minimum overlap of thetelescoping parts is so scant that the sets .of accessory lenses and spacers have heretofore been employed tosolve the problem.

The present invention solves this problem by-employing two telescoping cylindrical camera body sections of such cooperating construction as to provide the required rigidity with the limited available dimension for minimum overlap of the two body sections. The rearward of the two sections carries'the lm adapter and is adjustably amounted on the clamp housing by a longitudinal track means. The rearward section has an inner radial flange on its lforward end surrounding the forward section and the forward section has an outer radial flange on its rear end surrounded by the rearward section, these two flanges meeting when the camera is fully extended for a 1.0 image ratio.` In the preferred construction a 'light seal is associated with one of the two radial anges and releasable means to interconnect the two body sectionstixedly at adjustments for various image ratios is associated with the other radial ange.

Index marks may be provided on one of the two body sections vfor guidance in making adjustments for the different image ratios. ln the' preferred practice of the ir?? vention, however, adjustment aids in the form of spacer gages are provided for this purpose. Such a spacer gage is backed against an inner circumferential shoulder ot' the rearward outer body section and then the forward inner body section is backed against the` spacer gage to place the two sectionsaccurateiy at the relative positions required for a selected image ratio.

In the preferred practice of the invention accurate axial alignment of the two cylindrical body sections is facilitated at each of the adjustments for the four image ratios 1.0, 0.9, 0.7 and 0.5. At the 1.0 ratio adjustment, the two radial ftanges of the two body sections meet to maintain Ithe desired relative alignment. At the 0.5 ratio adjustment the forward inner section backs. against an inner circumferential shoulder of the rearward outer section to maintain the relative alignment. At the intermediate ratio adjustments the spacer gages cooperate with the two body sections to 'maintain the relative alignment.

A further advantage of the use of spacer gages is that .they are trapped in cooperating abutment with both of the two body sections to contribute to the rigidity of the sectionalized camera body. ln one practice of the invention, the spacer gages comprise a set of two split cylindrical members which are especially advantageous for promoting rigidity. In another practice the spacer gages comprise a pair of small rectangular plates for use at diametrically opposite locations on the camera, the short dimension of the plates being used for the 0.7 image ratio and the'long dimension being used for the 0.9 'image ratio.

for remote exposure control as well as for exposure'control at the camera. The camera should also be adapted for synchronization of the exposure with action remote 'from the camera. Provision should be made forboth a remote exposure indicator and an exposure indicator at the camera. In addition the camera should `be adaptable for exposure of thelm and exposure of the datasirnultaneously by a single control, the single control being either a remote control or a controi at the camera.

As will be explained this problem is solved bye. number of provisions. A multiple element electrical connector fitting is mounted on the camera for use-with a separate complementary multiple element tting forcennecting exterior wiring to the camera. The camera shutter is provided with arl-actuating solenoid-under the control of an exposure switch on the camera. 'The camera shutter, in turn, operates a second switch mechanically and the second switch may be used either for controlling the data exposure or for remote control of an action that is to be photographed.

The variatie features and advantages of the invention may be understood by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

`ln the drawings, which are to be regarded as merely illustrative:

FIG. iris a diagrammatic side elevational view of the parts of a camera assembly including a camera with two interchangeable hlm adapters and a clamp housing for mounting the camera on an oscillomope tube;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view ofv the assembled `parts from a rear point to one side of the assembly;

FIG. 3 is a similar perspective view Afrom a rear point on the other side; y

FIG. 4l is a front elevation of the camerashowing the lens, the shutter solenoid and associated wiring;

IFIG. 5 is a plan view of the camera and an associated portion of the clamp housing with a portion of the clamp housing broken away;

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a conventional camera assembly to make clear the problems involved;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic sectional View showing how the invention provides a pair of polarizing filters or screens to make possible the elimination ot they usual periscope on the clamp housing and to make it possible to keep the viewing port open for long periods of time; f

FIG. 8 is a sectional View of a tilm adapter and the data recording chamber that is incorporated intothe construction of the film adapter; v

IF-IG. 9 is an elevation of the data chamber with portions broken away;

FIG. l0 is a face viewof a iilm frame on a reduced alelshowing how the data is printed on the margin of F'IG. ll is a diagram showing the dimensional relationl ships required for an image ratio of 1.0;

FIG. 12 is a similar diagram showing the dimensional relationships required for an image ratio of 0.5;

FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic representation of the two telescoped camera body sections indicating the dimensions that must be subtracted to arrive at the residual dimension available for overlap of the camera body sections when the camera is fully extended;

FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic view largely in longitudinal sectionA and partly in side elevation showing the sectionalized camera body; l

FIG. l5 is a perspective view of one of a pair of rectangular spacer gages that'may be used for adjusting the sectionalized camera Ibody'for spcciic image ratios;'

IFIG. 16 is a fragmentary sectional viewl showing one of the rectangular spacer gages installed in the sectionalized camera body for an image ratio adjustment;

HG. l shows the separate parts of the assembly comprising a clam-p housing 30, an auxiliary clamp housing 32 which may be'regarded as a removable section of the ,clamp` housing 30; camera body 34 mounted for longitudinal movement in the auxiliary clamp housing and having la forward lens 35, a 4 X S cut film adapter 36 for mounting on the camera body and av roll -lrn adapter 38 that. is interchangeable with the cut film adapter. The

auxiliary clamp housing 32 thatcarries the camera body 34 is adapted for attachment to the clamp housing 30 by a separable hinge 40 and a pivoted latch 42 that is best shown in FIG. 2.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the parts of the sssembly eonnected together including the roll film adapter 38. This unitary assembly is adapted for mounting on the bezel of an oscilloscope by means of the clamp ring i4 shown in FIG. l. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the clamp hous Iing Si) has a viewing port 45 which is provided with a hood d6. The auxiliary clamp housing 32 is provided with a focus knob 4S that may be rotated to shift the camera body 34 longitudinally for focus adjustment and a lock ring Sti associated with the focus knob may be tightened `to hold the camera body at 'any selected focus adjustment.

The auxiliary clamp housing 32 is provided with an indicator lamp S2 to indicate when the camera shutter is open. -ln addition the auxiliary clamp housing 32 is provided with a multiple element pin connector 54 that mates with a complementary multiple element socket connector 'to connect the camera with exterior wiring. The auxiliary clamp housing 32 is further provided with a push button exposure switch S which controls the shutter mechanism of the lens 35. y

l The rear end of the camera body 34 forms a transverse channel '56 for sliding engagement with the roll film adapter 33. When the camera is adjusted for a low ratio iilm image a number of images may be photographed on the same film frame by shifting the film adapter- 3S relativeto the camera body in a step by step manner. For guidance in this procedure an index plate 58 is removably mounted on the camera body by a pair of thumb screws 6@ for cooperation with aspring latch 62 on the film adapter. The spring latch 62 comprises a folded leaf spring with a datent lug (not shown) that selectively er1- gages small index apertures 64 (FIG. 5) in the index detent plate.

The tilm adapter 38 is provided with the usual dark slide d that is removed for exposure and is replaced whenever the hlm adapter is removed from the camera. The film adapter 3S is further provided with a data record chamber 66 that is mounted on a side wall of the film adapter and is of slotted construction to receive a data card.l In the construction shown a data card is slipped behind a tlexible metal plate 68 that covers a narrow rectangular window in the back wall of the chamber.

The data record chamber 66 is further provided with a push button switch- 7G for energizing lamps inside the chamber to illuminate the data card and a pair of small indicator windows 72 reveal to the operator when such illumination occurs for exposure or the data. ln addition, the data record chamber 66 is provided with a multiple pin connector fitting 74 for connection to control circuits when desired.

As shown in FIG. 4 a rotary solenoid 75 mounted on the lens board 76 of the camera actuales the lens shutter mechanism by means of a plunger 78. The shutter mechanism incorporates a switch 80 which closes whenever the shutter opens. Fig. 4 shows how the wiring that is incorporated in the camera construction is connected to the,

switch 36 by a plug 82 and further shows the wiring counected to the indicator lamp 52, the multiple element piu connector $4, the exposure switch 55, the rotary solenoid and a rectifier 84.

As shown in FIG. 5 and indicated diagrammatically in FIG. 14, the camera proper has a body made in two tele-V scoping sections comprising a rearward outer cylinder and a forward inner cylinder 86 which carries the lens board 76 and the lens 3S. The forward end of the outer cylinder 35 is formed with an inner circumferential radial liange 83 which is formed with an inner circumferential groove to retain an O-ring ltl. The O-ring serves as a light seal and slidingly embraces the inner cylinder 86.

The inner cylinder 86 is formed at its rearend with an outer circumferential radial flange 92 which slidingly fits inside the outer cylinder 8S. Three circumferential spaced radial screws 94 mounted in the flange 92 releasably engage the surrounding outer cylinder 85 for the purpose of xedly interconnecting the two cylinders in a releasable manner at selected positions for selected image ratios.

Mounted on the rear end of the outer cylinder 85 by circumterentially spaced screws 95 is the previously mentioned transverse channel 56 which provides a pair of overhanging rails 96 to receive a film holder. The screws 9S may be removed temporarily for the purpose of rotating the channel 56 for the purpose of turning the film 90 when desired. As best shown in FIG. 16 channel 56 is provided with a circular rib which forms an inner circumferential shoulder 97 at the rear end of the outer cylinder 85.

As shown in FIG. 5 the'rear cylinder 3S of the camera body is mounted in a circular opening 98 in the rear wall 100 of the auxiliary clamp housing 32, and the circular opening is provided with a light seal in the form of a lip 102 of a ring of rubber-like material. The camera body cylinder 85 is movably mounted in the auxiliary clamp housing 32 to slide along a pair or opposite tracks 104 that are rigidly mounted inside of the auxiliary clamp housing as shown in FlG. 4. For cooperation with the tracks 104, the outer camera cylinder 85 is provided with two diametrically opposite guide channels 105 with overhanging quired for focusing on the CRT screen. A suitable scale 113 (FIG. 5) is provided inside the upper guide channel i 105. This scale is a useful index for recording various focus adjustments of the camera.

THE POLARZING FILTERS The advantage of using the two polarizing screens may be understood by referring to FIG. 6 which shows diagrammatcally a camera 34a with a lens 35a and containing a film 114. The camera 34a is 4mounted on the casing rM5 of a cathode-ray tube 116 by means of the usualk clamp housing 39a. A graticule 113 placed in front of the screen of the cathodeuay tube provides ruled lines for the background of the phenomena on the screen. The

cathode-ray tube casing 11:3' contains the usual amplifier'- equipped with vacuum tubes and 122 to illuminate the graticule.

The clamp housing 30a is provided with the usual viewing port 45a which is enclosed by a periscope 123 of yielding rubber-like material which is intended to make also contains lamps close contact with the operators face to keep light out of the clamp housing. When necessary a flap 124 is swung downward to close the viewing portion 45a to keep out the ambient light.

K directions.

the metal parts surrounding the cathode-ray tube. v These l.

difficulties seriously affect the film even when a single frame of film is exposed only once. When multiple exposvures are used to produce multiple photographs on a single film, all of these effects become intolerably accumulative.

, The soft rubber periscope 123 is intended to' remove thesey difficulties by cutting off extraneous light. At best, however, it does not make light-proof contact wih the observers face. The observer cannot wear eyeglasses when using the periscope. The observer is limited to a fixed viewing distance and the viewing angle is so narrow as to prevent observation of the full area of the CRT screen. Only one person at a time can use the periscope to observe phenomena on the CRT screen and a further disadvantage is that the operator .must remember to close theap 124 whenever the periscope is not in use.

FIG. 7 shows how, in accord with the teachings of the present invention, the lens 35 of the camera 34 is provided with a polaroid filter 125 and the viewing port 45 is provided with al second polarizing filter 126. The two polarizing filters 125 and 12d polarize the light in opposite respects in the sense that they cooperate for reduction to the minimum of the light that is transmitted through both filters. Thus it linear polarizing filters are employed they are oriented at right angles relative to each other for maximum cooperation to reduce the transmitted light or if the two filters are designed for circular polarization they are selected for polarization in opposite rotary 32% and 22% transmission polarizing filters are both satisfactory.

The environmental light that is admitted t the clamp housing 30 through the polarizing filter 126 is greatly diminished and therefore the contrast on the CRT screen is ynot significantly reduced. The diminished light admitted to the interior of the clamp housing makes exceedingly weak retiections on metal surfaces around the cathode-ray tube and these weak reflections are diminished by polarizing filter 125 to an intensity well below the threshold of response of the film H4. l

Since the two polarizing screens cooperate to eliminate the necessity for cutting off environmental light from the viewing port 45 they not only eliminate the need for the usual periscope 123 but also eliminate the need for a flap to close the viewing port. Since it is not necessary to provide for mounting a closure flap across the inside of the viewing port 45, the viewing port may be widened to substantially the full width of the clamp housing 30. Two or more persons may observe the CRT phenomena through the polarizing screen 126 and each person can choose a preferred viewing distance.

THE DATA RECORDING CHAMBER FIG. 8 shows how a data card 128 with data marked thereon may be inserted behind the flexible metal plate 68 of the data recording chamber 66. The wall of the data recording chamber 66 is provided with a rectangular window 130 which exposes the data on the card 128 to illumination by lamp means inside the data recording chamber. As best shown in FIG. 9 a pair of lamps 132 may be employed at the opposite ends of an inclined mirror i3d. The two lamps 132 may be energized by a pair of dry cells 13S under control of the previously mentioned data exposure switch 70 (FIG. 2). If desired, however, the

two lamps 132 may be energized and controlled by circuitry that may be connected to the data recording chamber by means of the previously mentioned pin connector fitting 74. (FIG. 3).

The image of the data is reflected vby the mirror 134- y through a port 136 into what may be termed a periscope 138 that extends into the interior of the film adapter 38 between the film 11o-and the previously mentionedl dark slide 65. The periscope 138 extends close to the film to confine the light that is employed to print the data.

The beam of light reflected from the mirror 134 passes,l

through a lens 140 in the periscope 138 and is reflected by a second mirror M2 onto the film 114.

A feature of the invention is that the interior of the data recording chamber is provided with a bracket 144 to hold one or two neutral density filters 145, a portion of the data recording chamber being removable for access to the bracket. The following table shows the degrees of neutral density that can be obtained by using one or two filters in the bracket 14d and shows the corresponding data exposure periods for films of dilierent emulsion speeds.

Dara Exposure Time in Seconds for Various Films ASA Emulsion Speed of Fllm Total Filter ND ln Path of Optics It may be noted that lters may be proved to extend the data exposure time to 6 or 7 seconds. Such an extended exposure period is useful because it may be counted mentally with reasonable accuracy. It is also to be noted that the data exposure periods may be cut to l second or less for those occasions when it is desirable to have the data recording occur simultaneously with the exposure of the film. Thus with a film speed of 3000 the camera aperture may be adjusted for lo second exposure to photograph an image on the CRT screen and with the shutter mechanism of the camera causing the data recording chamber lamps 132 to be energized simultaneously for If an exposure ot 1/2 second is used, for example, one orv two filters providing a neutral density of 0.60 will be used in the data recording chamber.

Since the data recording chamber 66 lies entirely out-l side the hlm adapter 33 with only the relatively narrow periscope 133 extending into the film adapter, the data printing is accomplished behindy the dark slide Without the necessity of interposing the data recording chamber itself between the dark slide and the film. y

FIG. 10 is a photograph of a CRT trace 146 with data 147 printed in the upper left hand corner. One advantage of the described structure for printing such data is that the data may be printed relative to the trace 146 in any selectedone ofthe four corners of the photograph. Thus merely reversing the position of the film adapter 3S in the transverse guide channel 56 on the back of the camera shifts the data from one corner of the frame diagonally to the opposite corner. The data may be shifted to either one of the other two corners by temporarily removing the previously mentioned screws 94 (FIG. 16) and rotating the transverse channel 56 through an angle of 90.

IMAGE RATES ADUSTMENT FIG. 11 shows the dimensional relationships required for the camera to produce an image ratio of 1.0, i.e., to make the film image of a CRT trace exactly equal in -times the focal length of the lens.

aliases size to the actual trace on the CRT screen. The distance between the film 114 and the lens 35 is 2F, ic.. twice the focal length of the lens and the distance from the lens to the subject or the graticule is the same distance, the total distance from the film to the subject being 4F or four times the focal length of the lens.

FIG. 12 shows the dimensional relationship required for an image ratio of 0.5. The distance from the film to the lens is one-half the distance from the lens to the subject, the first distance being one and onchalf the focal length ofy the lens and the second distance being three The total distance between the film and the subject is now increased to four and a half times the focal length of the lens.

It can be seen that the change from the adjustment of the camera for the 1.0 image ratio to the adjustment for the 0.5 image ratio requires that the film be shifted rearward'a distance of half the focal length of the lens and that the lens itself must be shifted rearward by the full focal length of the lens. The film is shifted rearward by moving the camera bodily rearward a distance of one-half the focal length of the lens and, of course, the bodily movement of the camera carries the lens rearward by the same distance. The lens, however, must move rearward an additional distance of one-half the focal length of the lens and this must be accomplished by the camera contracting in length from an extended dimension of twice the focal length of the lens to a contracted dimension of one and one-half times the focal length of the lens. Thus the camera must be capable of contracting by 25% of its fully extended length.

lf the camera is to consist of two telescoping parts and isA to extend from' a minimum overall length of l1/2F to 2F, the two telescoping parts must overlap adequately when the camera is fully extended for the necessary rigidity of the camera and for effective sealing against entry of light. The problem of structurally relating the two telescoping camera parts for this purpose arises because so little of the dimension of 11/5. times the focal length of the lens is actually available for overlap when the camera is fully extended. This problem may be appreciated when .analyzed in terms of millimeters.

With a 75 mm. lens the distance between the film and the lens for a l image ratio is twice the focal length or 150 nim. and for an image ratio of 0.5 the distance is lll/2F or 1121/2 mm. For maximum capacity of expension and contraction, the two telescoping parts must both be equal to the contracted dimension, i.e., 1121/2 mm. Unfortunately the two telescoping parts must be much less in length than 1121/2 mm. and still be capable of expension by 371/2 mm. This fact which creates the whole problem may be understood by referring to FIG. 13.

As indicated in FIG. 13, the lens 35 must be set forward of the forward end of the camera by the distance x because of the construction and dimensioning of a conventional oscilloscope camera lens and because a liberal tolerance must be allowed in view of variations among; lenses. Dimension x is approximately l() rom. ln addition the dimension y must be provided for the depth of a standard roll film adapter as well as the depth of the channel member to hold the adapter with suitable provision for rotation of the channel chamber through 90 when desired.

The depth of a standard roll film adapter measured to the film plane is approximately 34 mm. and the necessary allowance for the channel member in which the roll film adapter is slidingly mounted is approximately 18 mm. The total dimension of y, then, is approximately 52 mm. It is apparent that the length of each of the two telescoping body sections of the camera must be reduced to 112Vz-(x+y)=1121/262=501/ mm. if two telescoped body sections each 501/2 mm. long are to cooperate for expanding by a distance of 371/2 mm., the dimension left for overlap when the two sections are fully extended is 501/2 -371/2=13 mm.

it is the difficulty of providing a rigid light-tight adjustable telescoping joint with only this scant overlap of the telescoping parts that has heretofore made necessary either the use of interchangeable lenses for different image ratios or, more commonly', the use of spacers, i.e., removable body sections. FIG. 6, for example, shows a body section 15d that is inserted into the camera body for a 1.0 image ratio and is removed for a 0.5 image ratio.

The success of the invention in this respect is in the use of the cooperating radially overlapping flanges 88 and 92 at the inner ends of the two telescoped cylindrical camera body sections 35 and 86. When the camera is fully extended these two flanges may firmly abut each other to promote the rigidity of the adjustable joint. The two flanges provide a circuitous light path which is effectively sealed by the O-ring 9i) in one of the two flanges. The other flange provides adequate thickness of material for the radial screws 9e that releasably fix the two camera body sections at selected image ratios.

FIG. 15 shows one of a pair of rectangular spacer gages 14d that may be used to facilitate adjusting the two telescoping body sections for image ratios intermediate the two extreme of L0 and 0.5. To make such a camera adjustment, the three radial screws 94 (FIG. 14) are loosenedinside the inner cylindrical body section 86 and then the two body sections are telescoped to the desired degree with the pair of spacer gages at diametrically oppostte positions. `Full vaccess to the interior of the camera I' for this purpose is achieved by simply removing the rev leasably mounted roll film yadapter 3S. With one edge of a spacer gage Mil abutting the inner circumferential shoulder 9'/ yas shown in FG. 14, the two camera body sections are collapsed until thel inner end of the inner body section 8d abuts the opposite edge of the spacer gage. The radial screws 9d are then tightened. in this manner the two oppositely positioned. spacer gages 148 cooperate not only 'for determining the degree of collapse but also for placing the two body sections in axial alignment to insure that the lens board 76 of the camera is perpendicular to the camera axis. With the inner circumferential shoulder 97 and the inner end of the inner body section 8d charnfered or undercut to tapered configuration and with the edges of the spacer gages Mtl correspondingly tapered, the two spacer gages are effectively trapped and, in effect, become part of the camera structune to contribute to the rigidity of the sectionalized camera body. .fas indicated by indicia on each spacer gage 1143 and shown in FlG. 15, the long dimension of the rectangular spacer gages is used for the 0.9 image ratio and the shorter dimension is used for the 0.7 image ratio.

FIG. i7 shows an alternate spacer gage idf' in the form of a longitudinally split cylinder. One such space-r gage is used for the 0.7 image ratio and another of greater axial dimension is used for the 0.9 image ratio. The spacer gages 15@ are preferably biased to resiliently spread radially outward Iagainst the inner circumference of the outer body section S5' in the manner of a leaf spring. Here again the spacer gages 150 may be left in position to contribute to the rigidity of the sectionalized camera body.

THE ELECTRCAL COMPONENTS ON THE CAIVIERA FIG. 18 indicates by a rectangle the multiple pin electrical connector fitting 5d on thc camera (FIG. 3) and indicates by a second rectangle a complementary multiple socket connector fitting 152, the pin fitting 54 plugging into the socket fitting 152. FlG. 18 indicates by letters A-F the six pins on the pin connector 54 and the corresponding six sockets on the complementary socket connector 152'.. FG. 18 yfurther shows the indicator lamp 52 (FIG. 3), the exposure switch 55 (FIG. 3), the solenoid 75 (Fifi. 4) that actuates the shutter of the lens 35, the rectifier 54 (FlG. 4) and the switch S0 (FIG. 4) that atrasos is incorporated in -the camera shutter mechanism to close whenever the camera. shutter opens.

AOne side of thegexposure switch 55 is connected to the pin A and the other side is connected both to the pin C and to one side of the solenoid circuit. The second side of the solenoid circuit is connected to pin B. One side of the indicator lamp 52 is connected to the pin D and the other side is connected both to the pin 'F and to one side of the shutter switch 80.- The second side of the shutter switch 80 is connected to the pin E.

In FIG. 18 the complementary multiple socket connectorv fitting 152 is connected toa cable having six wires 153-158. Wires 153 and 154 plug into a source of l1() volt alternating current and Iare connected respectively to sockets A andB. Wire 155 is connected to socket C and one side of a remote control switch 160, the second side of the remote'switch being connected -to the wire 153.

Wire 157 connects socket E with one side of a remote source of 6 volt direct current and the second side of the source is connected to one side of a remote relay 162 and is also connected by the wire 156 with the socket D. The second side of the remote relay 162 is connected to the socket F by the wire 158.

v The shutter of the camera may be operated either by ythe exposure switch 55 on the camera or by the remote control switch 150. Whenever the shutter operates, i.e., opens, it closes the switch 80 to energize the indicator lamp 52 on the camera and also to energize the remote relay 152. The remote relay 162 may be used to control a phenomenon that is to be photographed.

In FIG. 19 the only change on the camera is that a relay 164 is mounted on the camera to close the data recording circuit that includes the lamp 132 and the battcries 135. One side of this relay is connected to the' pin F and the other side is connected to the shutter switch Btl.

The multiple socket connector fitting 152 vis connected to a cable having four wires 153, 154, 155 and 165. The three wires 153, 154 and 155 are hooked up in the same manner as in FIG. 1S but wire 155 is connected adjacent the camera both to socket A and to socket D and wire d is connected adjacent the camera both Ito socket B and to socket E. The fourthwire 165 is connected to one 4side of -a remote indicator lamp 166 the second side of the remote indicator larnp being connected to the wine 153.

In FIG. 19 the shutter may be actuated either by the exposure switch 55 at the camera or the remote exposure switch 169. In either event the dat-a is exposed simultaneously with the opening of the camera shutter and both the indicator lamp 52 on the camera and the remote indicator lamp 166 are energized during the period that the camera shutter is open.

In FIG. the connector pins D, E and F and the sockets D, E and F are idle. The pins A, B, C of the connector fitting on the camera are connected to the exposure switch 55 and the shutter solenoid 75 in the same manner as in FIGS. 18 and 19. The shutter switch di) is connected to the data exposure circuit including the lbattery means 13S and the lamp means 132. The three sockets A, B and C of the complementary socket connector fitting 152 are connected to a cable comprising wires 153, 154 and 155 which are hooked up in the same manner as in FIGS. 18 and 19. The camera may be controlled either by the exposure switch 55 at the camera or by the remote exposure switch 16d. In either event the opening of the shutter of the lens 35 causes simultaneous recording of data on the film.

it is apparent from a consideration of FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 that the provision of the multiple pin electrical connector 152 on the camera together with the other electrical components on the camera, make the camera exceptionally flexible with respect to modes of control. lt is a simple matter for the user to change the Wiring on the camera from any one of the arrangements to another. It is a simple matter to provide the complementary multiple socket connector fitting 152 for the remote control wiring shown in any one of FGS. 18, 19 and 20.

Our description in specific detail of the invention by way of illustration will suggest various changes, substitutions and other departures from our disclosure within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

We claim: v

1. In combination:

a housing;

an oscilloscope facing into the housing;

a camera facing into the housing to photograph traces on the screen of the oscilloscope, said camera having a rear body section and a forward body section, said rear body section being adapted to carry a film at its rear end;

a lens on the forward end of the forward section,

the inner ends of the two sectionsl being telescoped together for adjustable extension and contraction of the two sections for selected image ratios within the range of 0.5 and 1.0, one of said two sections being of uniform outside dimension and the other of said two sections having an inner circumferential flange on its inner end conforming to the outer surface of said one section vthroughout said range, said one section having an outer circumferential flange on its inner end and said other of said two sections being of uniform inside dimension with its inner surface conforming to said outer circumferential flange throughout said range; an O-ring mounted on the peripheral edge of one of said circumferential flanges for sliding contact with the corresponding7 cooperating surface; and

releasable means normally xedly interconnecting the two sections to maintain the two sections at selected longitudinal positions relative to each other for producing selected image ratios, said releasable means being carried by the other of said two circumferential flanges and extending radially therethrough for engagement with the corresponding cooperating surface to immobolize the two sections relative to each other,

one of said two sections being mounted on said housing for longitudinal movement relative thereto 'for bodily shift of the two sections-in unison through a range of iilm-to-screen distances to focus on tre screen of the oscilloscope.

2. A combination as set forth in claim l in which said releasable means comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced screws mounted in said outward circumferential flange to exert radially outward pressure against said inner surface of said other of the two sections.

' 3. In a camera facing into a housing to photograph traces produced on a screen of an oscilloscope facing into the same housing, the combination of:

a rear camera body section adapted to carry a film at the rear end thereof;

a forward camera body section with a lens on the forward end thereof,

the inner ends of the two sections being telescoped together for adjustable extension and contraction of the two sections for .image ratios selectively within said range of 0.5 and 1.6, said two sections having respectively two shoulders facing towards each other; removable spacer means lying against the circumferential surface of one' of said body sections between said two shoulders; and means positively interconnecting the two body sections and holding said shoulders in iirm abutment against said spar means to make the two sections rigid relative to each other and to x the film-tolens distance for a predetermined image ratio. 4. A combination as set forth in claim 3 in whichsaid 13 two shoulders are undercut to trap the spacer means in a. positive manner.

5. A combination as set forth in claim 3 in which said interconnecting means is releasable and adapted to immobilize the two sections at selected relative positions whereby spacer means of one effective dimension may be substituted vfor another spacer means of another effective dimension to Vary the predetermined image ratio.

6. A combination as set forth inv claim 3 in which said spacer -means comprises at least one member with two pairs ofparallel edges of different spacing for use selectively. of the two pairs of parallel edges to predetermine two different selected image ratios.

y 7. A combination as set forth in claim 3 in which said vspacer means is a split ring member.

8. In a camera, the combination of:

a rear camera body section adapted to carry a lm at the .rear end thereof;

means rigidly supporting the rear section;

a forward camera section with a lens on the forward end thereof,

said two sections being telescoped together for contraction to a relatively small overall length with relatively great overlap of the two sections for support ot the'forward section over a relatively great proportion of the length of the rear section and extension to a relatively great overall length of substantially less overlap of the two sections for less effective support of the forward section over a less proportion of the length of the rear section; and

releasable rigid spacer means extending from a rear portion of the rear section to a rear portion of the .forward section to reinforce the forward section when the two sections are extended to an intermediate overall length, thereby to utilize an additional proportion of the length of the rear section for rigid support of the forward section.

9. in combination:

a housing;

an oscilloscope facing into the housing;

a camera facing into the housing to photograph traces on the screen of the oscilloscope,

said camera having a rear body section and a forward body section, said rear body section having a forwardly facing shoulder and being adapted to carry a film at its rear end;

a lens on the forward end of the forward section,

the inner ends of the two sections being telescoped together for adjustable extension and contraction of the two sections for selected image ratios within the range of 0.5 and 1.0,

said forward body section being of uniform outside dimension and said rear body section having an inner circumferential tiange on its inner end conforming to the outer surface of the forward body section throughout said range,

said forward body section having an outer circumferential flange on its inner end parallel with said shoulder and said rear body section being of uniform inside dimension With its inner surface conforming to said outer circumferential ange throughout said range;

spacer means removably interposed between said shoulder and said outer circumferential flange; and releasable means adapted to xedly interconnect the two sections to maintain said spacer means in rm abutment with said shoulder and with said outery circumferential flange to make the two sections rigid relative to each other and to x the tilm-to-lens distance for a predetermined image ratio,

one of said two sections being mounted on said housing for longitudinal movement relative thereto for bodily shift of the two sections in unison through a range of iilm-to-screen distances to focus on the screen of the oscilloscope.

Reierences Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

1. IN COMBINATION: A HOUSING; AN OSCILLOSCOPE FACING INTO THE HOUSING; A CAMERA FACING INTO THE HOUSING TO PHOTOGRAPH TRACES ON THE SCREEN OF THE OSCILLOSCOPE, SAID CAMERA HAVING A REAR BODY SECTION AND A FORWARD BODY SECTION, SAID REAR BODY SECTION BEING ADAPTED TO CARRY A FILM AT ITS REAR END; A LENS ON THE FORWARD END OF THE FORWARD SECTION, THE INNER ENDS OF THE TWO SECTIONS BEING TELESCOPED TOGETHER FOR ADJUSTABLE EXTENSION AND CONTRACTION OF THE TWO SECTIONS FOR SELECTED IMAGE RATIOS WITHIN THE RANGE OF 0.5 AND 1.0, ONE OF SAID TWO SECTIONS BEING OF UNIFORM OUTSIDE DIMENSION AND THE OTHER OF SAID TWO SECTIONS HAVING AN INNER CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGE ON ITS INNER END CONFORMING TO THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID ONE SECTION THROUGHOUT SAID RANGE, SAID ONE SECTION HAVING AN OUTER CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGE ON ITS INNER END AND SAID OTHER OF SAID TWO SECTIONS BEING OF UNIFORM INSIDE DIMENSION WITH ITS INNER SURFACE CONFORMING TO SAID OUTER CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGE THROUGHOUT SAID RANGE; AN O-RING MOUNTED ON THE PERIPHERAL EDGE OF ONE OF SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGES FOR SLIDING CONTACT WITH THE CORRESPONDING COOPERATING SURFACE; AND RELEASABLE MEANS NORMALLY FIXEDLY INTERCONNECTING THE TWO SECTIONS TO MAINTAIN THE TWO SECTIONS AT SELECTED LONGITUDINAL POSITIONS RELATIVE TO EACH OTHER FOR PRODUCING SELECTED IMAGE RATIOS, SAID RELEASABLE MEANS BEING CARRIED BY THE OTHER OF SAID TWO CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGES AND EXTENDING RADIALLY THERETHROUGH FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH THE CORRESPONDING COOPERATING SURFACE TO IMMOBOLIZE THE TWO SECTIONS RELATIVE TO EACH OTHER, ONE OF SAID TWO SECTIONS BEING MOUNTED ON SAID HOUSING FOR LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENT RELATIVE THERETO FOR BODILY SHIFT OF THE TWO SECTIONS IN UNISON THROUGH A RANGE OF FILM-TO-SCREEN DISTANCES TO FOCUS ON THE SCREEN OF THE OSCILLOSCOPE. 